論文詳細
敬心・研究ジャーナル第３巻 第１号
介護療養型医療施設における誤嚥性肺炎発症の関連因子の検討
大塚裕一2）
飯山準一2）
2）熊本保健科学大学
抄録
誤嚥性肺炎発症の関連因子について、回復期リハビリテーション病棟や介護老人保健施設での検討は報告されているが、介護療養型医療施設では見受けられない。そのため今回の研究では、A病院介護療養型医療施設での誤嚥性肺炎発症の関連因子を明らかにする事で、施設の特性に合った誤嚥性肺炎発症予防の一助とする事を目的とした。
方法は施設入所者を対象に、診療録より後方視的に情報を収集し、誤嚥性肺炎との関連性の検討を行った。その後、他施設との比較により特徴的な因子の抽出を行った。
結果、関連因子として要介護度、呼吸器疾患の既往歴、JCS、摂食嚥下能力グレード、経口摂取の有無、ADL区分の６項目が抽出された。他施設との比較では、呼吸器疾患の既往歴、経口摂取の有無、JCSの３つが抽出された。
今回の調査により、A病院介護療養型医療施設における特徴的な因子は、呼吸器疾患の既往歴、経口摂取の有無、JCSであることが示唆された。
A Study of Factors Related to Outbreaks of Aspiration Pneumonia in Medical Long-Term Care Sanatoriums
Ootsuka Yuuichi2)
Iiyama Junichi2)
2) KUMAMOTO Health Science University
Abstract
While studies of factors related to the outbreaks of aspiration pneumonia have been reported in the context of rehabilitation wards and long-term health care facilities for the elderly, they do not appear with reference to medical long-term care sanatoriums. Accordingly, by clarifying factors related to the outbreak of aspiration pneumonia in medical long-term care sanatoriums with Hospital A, this study seeks to help prevent outbreaks of aspiration pneumonia in a manner tailored to the characteristics of facilities.
In terms of method, information was retrospectively collected from medical records for the residents of the target facility and then studied with respect to their relevance to aspiration pneumonia. Thereafter, characteristic factors were extracted by comparison with other facilities.
Consequently, six items were extracted as related factors; namely, intensity of long-term care, history of respiratory illness, JCS dysphagia grade, the presence or absence of oral ingestion, and ADL category. In comparison with other facilities, three factors were extracted; namely, the history of respiratory illness, the presence or absence of oral ingestion, and JCS.
On the basis of this survey, it was suggested that the history of respiratory illness, the presence or absence of oral ingestion, and JCS represent characteristic factors for medical long-term care sanatoriums with Hospital A.